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Income Tax
Calculator

Estimate your 2024 or 2025 federal and state income tax. See your effective rate, marginal bracket, and exact take-home pay — broken down by year, month, and paycheck. No sign-up, completely private.

Your Tax Details
Tax Year
Filing Status
Gross Annual Income
$
401(k) / Pre-tax
$
Other Pre-tax
$
Deduction Type
State Tax Rate
%
Pay Periods
Annual Take-Home Pay
$0
of $0 gross income
$0
Monthly
$0
Per Check
$0
Weekly
Tax Rates
0%15%30%45%+
0%
Effective Rate
0%
Marginal Bracket
0%
Total Tax Rate
Tax Breakdown
Total Taxes$0
2025 Federal Tax Brackets — Single
BracketRateIncome RangeTax in BracketCumulative Tax

Marginal vs effective tax rate

Your marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar earned — if you're in the 22% bracket, only the income above that bracket's threshold is taxed at 22%. Your effective rate is total tax divided by total income. On $75,000 as a single filer in 2025, the effective federal rate is around 13–14%, not 22%.

What the standard deduction is

The standard deduction reduces your taxable income before brackets are applied. In 2025: $15,000 for single filers, $30,000 for married filing jointly, $22,500 for head of household. You only benefit from itemizing if your deductible expenses (mortgage interest, state taxes, charitable donations) exceed these amounts.

How pre-tax contributions help

Traditional 401(k), HSA, and FSA contributions reduce your taxable income dollar-for-dollar. Contributing $5,000 to a 401(k) in the 22% bracket saves $1,100 in federal tax that year — plus the money grows tax-deferred. This is why maxing employer-matched 401(k) contributions is always the first investment priority.

This is an estimate, not a filing

This calculator uses the standard federal tax brackets and a flat state rate. It does not account for tax credits (Child Tax Credit, EITC, etc.), investment income, self-employment tax, AMT, or other situations. For exact figures, use IRS Form 1040 or tax software. This is a planning tool.

💷 See your tax breakdown? Get your full monthly take-home pay.
Try the Net Salary Calculator →
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between gross and net income? ▾
Gross income is what you earn before any deductions or taxes. Net income (take-home pay) is what hits your bank account after federal tax, state tax, Social Security, Medicare, and any pre-tax deductions like 401(k) contributions and health insurance premiums. The gap between the two is often larger than people expect — typically 25–35% for middle-income earners.
Do I owe taxes if I get a refund? ▾
Yes — a refund just means you overpaid throughout the year via withholding. You still owed taxes; you just paid more than necessary, giving the government an interest-free loan. Ideally, you'd adjust your W-4 withholding to get close to $0 owed / $0 refund at filing. A large refund feels good but is actually a suboptimal financial outcome.
How does getting a raise affect my taxes? ▾
Only the income above the bracket threshold gets taxed at the higher rate — never your entire income. If a raise pushes $5,000 of your income into the 22% bracket from the 12% bracket, only that $5,000 is taxed at 22%. You always take home more money after a raise. The "a raise will put me in a higher bracket and cost me money" belief is a common misconception.
What states have no income tax? ▾
As of 2025, nine states have no individual income tax: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire (wages only), South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming. If you live in one of these states, set the state tax rate to 0% in the calculator above. Note that no-income-tax states often have higher property taxes or sales taxes to compensate.
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How to Use the Income Tax Calculator

Estimate your federal income tax, effective rate, and take-home pay from any salary.

01
Enter your gross income
Your total annual income before any deductions — what your employment contract or offer letter says, not what you actually receive.
02
Choose your filing status
Single, married filing jointly, or head of household. This determines your tax brackets and standard deduction amount.
03
Add deductions if applicable
The standard deduction is pre-filled. If you itemise (large mortgage interest, charitable donations, medical expenses), enter your itemised total instead.
04
Review your tax bracket breakdown
The calculator shows how much of your income falls into each bracket. Note that only income above each threshold is taxed at that rate — not your whole income.
05
Note your effective tax rate
This is the percentage of your total income actually paid in tax — always lower than your marginal rate. A $100k earner in the 22% bracket typically pays an effective rate of ~13%.
06
See your take-home pay
The after-tax, after-FICA amount shown is your approximate net income. Actual take-home may differ based on 401(k) contributions, health insurance, and state taxes.
💡
💡 This calculator covers federal tax only. Most states have additional income tax ranging from 0% (TX, FL, WA) to 13.3% (CA). Check your state's rate separately.